Analisis Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPAS SD Berbasis STEAM: Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v11i02.48311Keywords:
critical thinking skills, Problem Based Learning, IPAS, elementary school., IPAS, systematic literature reviewAbstract
Critical thinking is a crucial 21st-century competency urgently needing development in elementary schools, given low national science literacy scores. This study examines the application of the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) approach in improving students' critical thinking in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) adapted from PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Twenty articles published between 2021 and 2026 were selected from Google Scholar, Garuda, and DOAJ based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results indicate the STEAM approach consistently and significantly improves critical thinking, showing moderate to high effectiveness. Project-Based Learning (PjBL) was identified as the most effective model combined with STEAM. Furthermore, Engineering and Science elements dominantly drive analysis, evaluation, and inference indicators. The Art element functions as an affective catalyst strengthening motivation and problem-formulation skills. This study confirms STEAM is highly suitable for integration into IPAS due to its interdisciplinary nature, aligning with the Merdeka Curriculum. Nevertheless, challenges like limited teacher competence, facilities, and the need for structured critical thinking scaffolding must be addressed for optimal implementation
Downloads
References
Andayani, T., Rahmawati, Y., & Aziz, T.A. (2025). Implementasi Steam PJBL Dalam Pembelajaran IPAS Di Sekolah Dasar: Literatur Review. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Keguruan dan Pendidikan (SNKP), 1. https://ejournal.ummuba.ac.id/index.php/SNKP/en/article/view/3124
Anindya, V.H.K., & Suryanti. (2023). Implementasi Pendekatan STEAM pada Materi Perubahan Energi dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas III. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar (JPGSD), 11(6). https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-penelitian-pgsd/article/view/53516
Ariyansyah Noor, M.R., Suciati, & Suyadi. (2026). Pengaruh STEAM QUEST terhadap Keterlibatan, Berpikir Kritis, Hasil Belajar, dan Respons Gender. Edukasiana: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 5(1), 160–171. https://doi.org/10.56916/ejip.v5i1.3013
Azzahra, F., & Putri, S.M. (2025). Penerapan Pendekatan Steam dalam Meningkatkan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Pada Pelajaran IPA. Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan, 4(3), 262–269. https://doi.org/10.33578/kpd.v4i3.p262-269
Ferianto, A.K., Suprapto, N., & Suryanti. (2024). Implementasi Pendekatan STEAM terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreativitas Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 9(4). https://journal.unpas.ac.id/index.php/pendas
Fitriana, E., Nisa, A.F., & Zulfiati, H.M. (2024). Penerapan Project-Based Learning Berbasis STEAM dalam Pembelajaran IPAS untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kewirausahaan Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 9(3), 1593–1608. https://journal.unpas.ac.id/index.php/pendas/article/view/16041
Izzania, R.D.S.M., Agusdianita, N., & Yusnia. (2024). Penggunaan Pendekatan STEAM dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Sains Siswa Sekolah Dasar: Systematic Literature Review. Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series, 7(3), 2599–2608. https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/SHES/article/view/99912
Khoiriya, R.M., Oktarianto, M.L., & Rohmiati, D.P. (2023). Penerapan Pendekatan STEAM dalam Pembelajaran IPA untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Literasi Sains Siswa Kelas IV SD. JTIEE (Journal of Teaching in Elementary Education), 7(2), 142–147. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/jtiee.v7i2.7482
Nugraha, D.M.D.P., Juniayanti, D., & Indraswati, P.T. (2023). Pembelajaran STEAM Berbasis Studi Kasus terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar. Widya Accarya: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan FKIP Universitas Dwijendra, 14(2), 164–171. https://doi.org/10.46650/wa.14.2.1465.164-171
Nuragnia, B., Nadiroh, & Usman, H. (2021). Pembelajaran STEAM di Sekolah Dasar: Implementasi dan Tantangan. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 6(2), 187–197. https://doi.org/10.24832/jpnk.v6i2.2388
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). PISA 2022 Results (Volume I): The State of Learning and Equity in Education. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en
Prastiwi, A.B., & Suryandari, Y. (2024). Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran PjBL Terintegrasi STEAM untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif dan Hasil Belajar IPAS Siswa Kelas V. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 9(2), 2189–2202. https://journal.unpas.ac.id/index.php/pendas/article/view/19921
Rahmawati, A., Saputri, A.E., Fajarwati, N.E., & Nisa, A.F. (2023). Integrasi PjBL dengan Pendekatan STEAM pada Mata Pelajaran IPAS di Sekolah Dasar. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 8(3), 6115–6124. https://journal.unpas.ac.id/index.php/pendas/article/view/11622
Rahmawati, N.A. (2023). Penerapan Pembelajaran STEAM Proyek Mobil Tenaga Angin untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SD. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar (JPGSD), 11(5), 1047–1057. https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-penelitian-pgsd/article/view/53322
Ramdayani, R., Sumantri, M.S., & Hasanah, U. (2024). Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Melalui Model Dilemma-STEAM pada Pembelajaran IPA di Kelas IV. PEDADIDAKTIKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa PGSD, 11(1), 123–138. https://doi.org/10.17509/pedadidaktika.v11i1.69206
Riantika, A., Nugraheni, A., Suryani, D., & Nisa, A.F. (2024). Pengaruh Pembelajaran STEAM Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis pada Muatan IPA Kelas IV. JKPD: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Dasar, 9(1), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.26618/20y5z175
Tim Peneliti SLR. (2025). The Effectiveness of the STEAM Approach in Elementary Education: A Systematic Literature Review. STEAM Journal for Elementary School Education, 1(2), 78–98. https://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/sjese/article/view/45794
Triprani, E.K., Sulistyani, N., & Aini, D.F.N. (2023). Implementasi Pembelajaran STEAM Berbasis PjBL terhadap Kemampuan Problem Solving pada Materi Energi Alternatif di SD. Scholaria: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 13(2), 176–187. https://doi.org/10.24246/j.js.2023.v13.i2.p176-187
Wati, P., Nusantara, T., & Utama, C. (2024). Efektivitas PjBL-STEM terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(2), 126–143. https://doi.org/10.37329/cetta.v7i2.3264
Wedanthi, L.P.R., Dantes, I.N., & Sariyasa. (2025). Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Berorientasi STEAM terhadap Hasil Belajar IPAS. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sains dan Humaniora (JPPSH), 9(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.23887/jppsh.v9i1.92966
Widyastika, D., Wahyuni, N., Yusnita, N.C., & Daulay, R.S. (2025). Efektivitas Pendekatan STEAM dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Citra Bakti, 12(1), 292–303. https://doi.org/10.38048/jipcb.v12i1.4631
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
