PENINGKATAN KARAKTER BERNALAR KRITIS PADA PELAJARAN NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA MELALUI PENDEKATAN KONSTEKTUAL SISWA KELAS V SDN LIDAH KULON 1/464 SURABAYA

Abstract

The contextual approach to improving students' critical reasoning character in Pancasila values lessons Pancasila, as the foundation of the Indonesian state, plays an important role in the formation of character and citizenship attitudes. However, the teaching of Pancasila values is often less effective in encouraging students to reason critically and apply these principles in everyday life. A contextual approach, which emphasizes real-life situation-based learning and contextual relevance, is expected to improve this situation. This study used an experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of grade V-B students in the experimental group who received learning with a contextual approach and a control group who followed the conventional learning method. Data were collected through critical reasoning tests and participatory observations during the learning process. The results showed that the application of a contextual approach significantly improved students' critical thinking skills compared to conventional learning methods. Students who learned with a contextual approach showed greater improvements in the analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of information related to Pancasila values. These findings indicate that a contextual approach can be an effective strategy to deepen students' understanding of Pancasila and improve their critical reasoning character. This study suggests that educators and curriculum developers consider the integration of contextual approaches in teaching Pancasila values to facilitate more meaningful and relevant learning for students. The implementation of this approach is expected to support better character development and critical intelligence in the young generation of Indonesia.