POLA DISTRIBUSI FONEM VOKAL DAN EFEK ESTETIS DALAM PUISI “KARAWANG-BEKASI” KARYA CHAIRIL ANWAR: KAJIAN FONOLOGIS

Abstract

This study aims to identify and describe the vocal phoneme distribution patterns and analyze the aesthetic effects generated by vocal interplay (assonance) in Chairil Anwar's poem "Karawang-Bekasi". The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach using theoretical frameworks of phonology and phonetic stylistics. The research data consists of vocal sound units embodied in words, phrases, and lines of the poem. Data collection techniques were conducted through observation and note-taking methods using verified poetic text corpora. The results indicate that the distribution of vocal phonemes in this poem is dominated by the open and low-front vowel /a/, followed by the high-back vowel /u/, as well as mid vowels /e/ and /o/. The dominance of /a/ and /u/ creates aesthetic effects characterizing straightforward tones, deep lamentations, and heroic tension. The presence of these assonance patterns proves to function not merely as acoustic ornament, but organically reinforces the semantic texture of fortitude, sacrifice, and the moral message of fallen heroes' struggle. In conclusion, the vocal phoneme orchestration in this poem is systematically structured to build aesthetic integrity and emotional expression of the text.