REKONSTRUKSI POLITIK HUKUM ACARA PIDANA: URGENSI PENGADOPSIAN PENUNTUTAN BERSAMA (CO-PROSECUTION) UNTUK PERADILAN PIDANA YANG INKLUSIF
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v11i02.60926Keywords:
Co-Prosecution; Dominus Litis; Private Prosecution; Restorative Justice; RKUHAPAbstract
The Indonesian criminal justice system, regulated under the 1981 Criminal
Procedure Code (KUHAP), is currently dominated by a rigid retributive approach
that positions the state as the sole holder of prosecutorial power through the
dominus litis principle. Consequently, the victim's position is highly marginalized and
passive, limited to acting merely as a witness during trial. This normative legal
research aims to formulate a reconstruction of Indonesian criminal procedural law
by exploring the potential adoption of active prosecution rights for victims through a
critical comparative analysis with the Thai legal system. The study employs
statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches. The findings reveal that
although Thailand recognizes private prosecution, granting victims independent
standing to bring cases directly to court, this mechanism is highly vulnerable to being
weaponized as Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPPs) by
powerful corporate entities to silence journalists and vulnerable groups. Therefore,
this study recommends that Indonesia should refrain from adopting pure private
prosecution, and instead reconstruct its procedural system toward a Co-Prosecution
model. Under this model, victims are granted active procedural rights to formally
accompany public prosecutors in court for specific offenses, filtered through the
optimization of the Preliminary Hearing Judge (HPP) to prevent bad-faith lawsuits
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