PERKEMBANGAN PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA (KH Ahmad Dahlan dan KH Hasyim Asy’ari)

Abstract

This study aims to comparatively examine the Islamic educational thought of KH. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy'ari as two pivotal figures who shaped Islamic education in Indonesia in the early twentieth century. A qualitative approach was employed through library research, utilizing content analysis and comparative analysis of relevant primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include the works of both figures, particularly KH. Hasyim Asy'ari's Adab al-'Alim wa al-Muta'allim, while secondary sources encompass academic journals, books, and related scholarly studies. The findings reveal that KH. Ahmad Dahlan advocated an integrative-progressive educational model that synthesized religious and general knowledge to produce scholar-intellectuals capable of addressing the challenges of modernity. KH. Hasyim Asy'ari, in contrast, positioned adab (ethical conduct) as the cornerstone of Islamic education rooted in the pesantren tradition, while gradually accommodating general sciences. This study concludes that both streams of thought reformist and traditionalist are fundamentally complementary, together constituting a holistic, relevant, and resilient Islamic educational system capable of enduring the tides of change.