IDENTIFIKASI SISTEM PENANGANAN MUATAN KENDARAAN DI KMP. SAFIRA NUSANTARA TERHADAP KESELAMATAN MUATAN DALAM PELAYARAN

Abstract

The safe handling of vehicle cargo on roll-on/roll-off (Ro-Ro) ferries is essential to maintaining vessel stability, cargo integrity, and operational safety. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of vehicle cargo handling procedures on board MV. Safira Nusantara and to identify factors affecting compliance with applicable maritime regulations. A qualitative descriptive method was employed through direct onboard observation, semi-structured interviews with the Chief Officer and Bosun, and documentation analysis. The collected data were analysed by means of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing to compare onboard practices with the requirements of the Indonesian Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 115 of 2016. The findings indicate that vehicle handling procedures have not been fully implemented in accordance with regulatory standards. Vehicle stowage is primarily based on operational experience rather than systematic cargo planning, while lashing practices remain inconsistent due to insufficient securing equipment and limited port turnaround time. Furthermore, vehicle spacing does not meet the required safety clearance, and passengers are still found within the car deck during voyages, increasing operational risks. Additional constraints include varying levels of crew competence, the absence of written Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), and limited safety meetings. The study concludes that improving cargo planning, providing adequate lashing equipment, establishing comprehensive SOPs, and strengthening continuous crew training are necessary to enhance regulatory compliance, cargo security, and the overall safety of Ro-Ro vessel operations.