PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA EKOLOGIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID SYARIAH DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 24 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA: STUDI KASUS BENCANA DI SUMATERA

Abstract

Ecological disasters in Sumatra, including floods, landslides, and forest fires, have increased significantly due to massive deforestation, uncontrolled natural resource extraction, and weak environmental governance. This study aims to analyze ecological disaster management in Sumatra from two perspectives: (1) the maqashid sharia framework, specifically the principles of hifz an-nafs (protection of life) and hifz al-mal (protection of property and livelihood), and (2) the legal provisions of Articles 33 to 36 of Law Number 24 of 2007 on Disaster Management, which regulate the stages of pre-disaster, emergency response, and post-disaster. This research employs a qualitative approach with a normative juridical method, utilizing primary legal materials in the form of statutory regulations, secondary materials comprising academic journals, books, and relevant research, as well as tertiary materials. Data were collected through library research and analyzed using descriptive-analytical techniques. The findings indicate that the principles of hifz an-nafs and hifz al-mal provide a normative-ethical foundation that reinforces the obligation to protect human life and community livelihoods from ecological damage. Meanwhile, Articles 33 to 36 of Law Number 24 of 2007 provide a comprehensive legal framework for disaster management through preventive, responsive, and rehabilitative stages. The integration of both approaches produces a synergistic framework in which maqashid sharia values strengthen the moral legitimacy of positive law, while positive law operationalizes the ethical principles of Islamic law into concrete policies. This study concludes that effective ecological disaster management in Sumatra requires a policy approach that integrates maqashid sharia values with the national legal framework to achieve justice, sustainability, and public welfare.