ANALISIS KESULITAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN PADA MURID KELAS II UPTD SDN PENDABAH 3 KECAMATAN KAMAL

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to analyze the early reading difficulties experienced by second-grade students at UPTD SDN Pendabah 3, Kamal District. The objectives of this study were to identify the forms of early reading difficulties and to examine the factors that influence these difficulties. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study design. The subjects of the study consisted of one second-grade teacher and five second-grade students who experienced the highest level of early reading difficulties, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, interviews, reading tests, and documentation. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, while data validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The findings revealed that students experienced difficulties in recognizing letters, distinguishing similar letters such as b, d, p, q, m, and n, reading syllables and words, reading fluently, and understanding simple texts. The study also found that several factors contributed to these difficulties, including intellectual factors related to students’ reading abilities, psychological factors such as low learning motivation and interest in reading, and environmental factors, particularly limited parental support and inadequate reading habits at home. These findings indicate that early reading difficulties require collaborative efforts among teachers, parents, and schools to provide appropriate guidance and learning support in order to improve students’ reading skills.

Keywords: Early Reading Difficulties, Second Grade Students, Contributing Factors.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kesulitan membaca permulaan yang dialami oleh murid kelas II UPTD SDN Pendabah 3 Kecamatan Kamal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk kesulitan membaca permulaan serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kesulitan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas satu guru kelas II dan lima murid kelas II yang mengalami kesulitan membaca permulaan paling tinggi yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, tes membaca, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, sedangkan keabsahan data diuji melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa murid mengalami kesulitan dalam mengenal huruf, membedakan huruf yang memiliki bentuk hampir sama seperti b, d, p, q, m, dan n, membaca suku kata dan kata, membaca dengan lancar, serta memahami isi bacaan sederhana. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa kesulitan membaca permulaan dipengaruhi oleh faktor intelektual yang berkaitan dengan kemampuan membaca murid, faktor psikologis berupa rendahnya minat dan motivasi belajar, serta faktor lingkungan yang meliputi kurangnya dukungan orang tua dan kebiasaan membaca di rumah. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penanganan kesulitan membaca permulaan memerlukan kerja sama antara guru, orang tua, dan sekolah dalam memberikan bimbingan serta dukungan belajar yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca murid.

Kata kunci: Kesulitan membaca permulaan, murid kelas II, faktor penyebab.