URBANISASI, MIGRASI, DAN PERUBAHAN BUDAYA DALAM RUANG KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT ADAT DI TENGAH ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN DAN EKSPANSI PEMBANGUNAN

Abstract

Urbanization, migration, and cultural transformation have become significant issues in contemporary development, particularly in areas experiencing rapid land-use change and large-scale development expansion. The conversion of customary forests, agricultural lands, and indigenous territories into industrial, plantation, mining, and infrastructure zones has reshaped social spaces and altered the relationship between communities and their environment. This study aims to analyze the impacts of urbanization, migration, and cultural change within spatial contexts, particularly in relation to land conversion and development expansion as reflected in contemporary social realities. The research employs a literature review method by examining books, scientific journals, policy documents, and relevant academic publications. The findings indicate that land-use change not only transforms physical landscapes but also affects social structures, economic activities, population mobility, and cultural identity. Urbanization and migration contribute to demographic changes, shifts in livelihoods, and the emergence of new social interactions. At the same time, indigenous communities often face challenges in maintaining traditional values, local wisdom, and cultural practices amid increasing external influences. Development policies that prioritize economic growth without considering socio-cultural sustainability may lead to social conflicts and the erosion of cultural heritage. Therefore, balanced development strategies that integrate economic progress, environmental protection, and cultural preservation are essential. The study concludes that sustainable spatial development requires active community participation and policies that recognize the rights and cultural identities of local and indigenous populations.