PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) MENDUKUNG EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (ESD) PADA MATERI EKOSISTEM KELAS X SMA

Abstract

Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl. is a mangrove species with high ecological and economic value; however, its propagation remains constrained by several limitations. Plant tissue culture offers an alternative method for producing large quantities of uniform seedlings, with growth success largely influenced by the application of plant growth regulators. This study aimed to determine the effect of combinations of 2,4-D and BAP on the in vitro growth of pedada seed explants. The research employed an experimental method using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of various concentrations of 2,4-D and BAP. The observed parameters included explant emergence time, explant growth percentage, explant height, and number of leaves. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the combination of 2,4-D and BAP significantly affected all growth parameters of the explants. The treatment consisting of 5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.5 mg/L BAP produced the best response, with the fastest explant emergence time of 2 days after culture initiation, a 100% explant growth rate, the greatest explant height of 2.76 cm, and the highest number of leaves, reaching 4 leaves per explant. Therefore, the combination of 5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.5 mg/L BAP was the most effective treatment for promoting the in vitro growth of pedada seed explants.