ISOLASI BAKTERI TAHAN LOGAM BERAT (PB) PADA IKAN PATIN (PANGASIUS SP.) KERAMBA APUNG SUNGAI KAMPAR

Abstract

The Kampar River is one of the potential areas for freshwater fish cultivation, particularly catfish (Pangasius sp.) cultured in floating net cages. However, aquaculture activities, feed waste, fish metabolic waste, community activities, industrial activities, and the use of motorboats may reduce water quality and contribute to heavy metal pollution, particularly lead (Pb). Lead is toxic, difficult to degrade naturally, and can accumulate in aquatic organisms, thereby posing risks to human health and the environment. This study aimed to isolate and identify Pb-resistant bacteria in catfish (Pangasius sp.) cultivated in floating net cages in the Kampar River. This research was an exploratory observational study conducted through laboratory observations. Fish samples were collected from floating net cages in the Kampar River, and bacterial isolation was carried out using Nutrient Agar (NA) medium supplemented with 0.8 grams of Pb. Bacterial identification was performed through macroscopic observation, microscopic observation using Gram staining, and biochemical tests, including TSIA, SCA, and SIM tests. The results showed that five Pb-resistant bacterial isolates were obtained from the gills and intestines of catfish. Based on the identification results, the bacteria found consisted of Aeromonas sp., Edwardsiella ictaluri, and Bacillus sp. All isolates had bacillus-shaped cells, with the majority classified as Gram-negative bacteria and one isolate classified as Gram-positive. These findings indicate that catfish cultivated in floating net cages in the Kampar River harbor bacteria capable of surviving in Pb-containing media and potentially serving as bioindicators as well as bioremediation agents for heavy metals.