PENDEKATAN INTEGRATIF TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DI PENDIDIKAN DASAR: KERANGKA HUKUM, KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS, DAN PRAKTIK PENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v11i02.51512Keywords:
Kata Kunci: perlindungan anak, pendidikan dasar, kesejahteraan psikologis, sekolah ramah anak, hak anakAbstract
Perlindungan anak dalam pendidikan dasar merupakan isu multidimensional yang melibatkan aspek hukum, psikologis, sosial, dan pendidikan. Meskipun berbagai regulasi nasional maupun internasional telah menjamin hak-hak anak, praktik kekerasan, perundungan, diskriminasi, serta berbagai bentuk pelanggaran hak anak masih ditemukan di lingkungan sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendekatan integratif terhadap perlindungan anak melalui perspektif kerangka hukum, kesejahteraan psikologis, dan praktik pendidikan yang diterapkan di sekolah dasar. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur. Data diperoleh melalui analisis berbagai artikel ilmiah, laporan lembaga internasional, kebijakan pemerintah, dan dokumen akademik yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2020–2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan anak yang efektif memerlukan sinergi antara regulasi hukum yang kuat, penguatan kesejahteraan psikologis peserta didik, serta implementasi pendidikan yang berorientasi pada sekolah ramah anak. Pendekatan yang parsial terbukti kurang mampu mengatasi kompleksitas permasalahan kekerasan dan pelanggaran hak anak di sekolah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan model perlindungan anak yang holistik melalui kolaborasi antara sekolah, keluarga, pemerintah, dan masyarakat guna mewujudkan lingkungan pendidikan yang aman, inklusif, dan berkelanjutan.
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