PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA FLASHCARD PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDKAN PANCASILA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR WILAYAH II KECAMATAN PAUH KOTA PADANG

Abstract

This study is geared toward designing and developing flashcard-based instructional media for Pancasila Education in Grade V elementary schools within Region II, Pauh District, Padang City, ensuring the final product meets high standards of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The investigation was prompted by a noticeable scarcity of contemporary learning media in the classroom; instructional practices heavily leaned on printed textbooks and basic materials, which frequently led to uninspiring and conventional learning experiences. Operating within a Research and Development (R&D) framework, this project adopted the systematic ADDIE model, encompassing Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation phases. The participants involved three subject-matter, linguistic, and technical media experts for validation, three fifth-grade classroom teachers, and 58 primary students enrolled across SDN 15 Ulu Gadut, SDN 17 Jawa Gadut, and SDN 18 Koto Luar. Data gathering relied on expert validation rubrics, teacher-student feedback questionnaires, and learning outcome assessments (pre-test and post-test), which were subsequently interpreted using the N-Gain technique. The empirical findings indicated that the developed flashcards attained an aggregate validity score of 92.9% ("Very Valid"), derived from material content alignment (90%), language appropriateness (96.7%), and interface media design (92%). Practicality benchmarks yielded an average rating of 90% from educators and 89.53% from student responses, placing both indicators within the "Very Practical" designation. Additionally, pedagogical effectiveness was highlighted by a mean N-Gain index of 0.74 ("Very Effective"), demonstrating a profound increase from an initial pre-test average of 49.62 to a post-test average of 85.59. Consequently, this flashcard instructional media is verified as viable and strongly advocated as an innovative learning tool tailored to modern elementary settings under the Merdeka Curriculum paradigm.