PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR: ASPEK KOGNITIF, SOSIAL, DAN EMOSIONAL

Abstract

Child development during elementary school is a crucial phase in the development
of cognitive, social, and emotional abilities, which serve as the foundation for
subsequent growth. Cognitive-wise, children experience improvements in logical
thinking, understanding concrete concepts, and solving simple problems in an
organized manner. Socially, children begin to learn to interact more broadly with
peers, understand norms, and develop cooperation and empathy. Emotionally,
children begin to recognize, regulate, and express feelings more appropriately,
although they still require guidance from their surroundings. This study aims to
examine in depth the development of elementary school-aged children in these
three aspects and their relationship to the learning process. The method used is a
literature review by analyzing various relevant sources using a qualitative approach.
The findings of this study indicate that cognitive, social, and emotional development
are interrelated and influence children's learning success. Therefore, an active role
is needed from teachers and parents in creating an environment that can support
children's optimal development.