SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH ANAK USIA DINI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v11i02.46868Keywords:
Early Childhood Education, Environment-Based Learning Media, Loose Parts, Outdoor Learning, Problem-Solving SkillsAbstract
This study systematically analyzes environment-based learning media in improving problem-solving skills in early childhood. This research used a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by reviewing articles published from 2018 to 2026. Data were collected from Google Scholar, Garuda, DOAJ, ERIC, and ScienceDirect using Indonesian and English keywords related to environment-based learning media, early childhood education, outdoor learning, loose parts, and problem-solving skills. The initial search identified 125 articles. After removing 27 duplicate articles, 98 articles were screened by title and abstract. A total of 54 articles were excluded because they did not meet the research focus. Then, 44 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 15 articles were selected for final analysis. The selected articles consisted of 4 qualitative studies, 3 quantitative studies, 3 classroom action research studies, 3 development studies, and 2 literature review studies. The findings show that environment-based learning media include loose parts, natural environments, outdoor learning, environment-based educational play tools, traditional games, and educational visits to museums, parks, and zoos. These media support children’s problem-solving skills through observation, comparison, classification, alternative solution testing, decision-making, strategy revision, and evaluation. Therefore, environment-based learning media can serve as a meaningful approach to strengthening problem-solving skills in early childhood.
Downloads
References
Abdurakhman, R. N., Lawej, A. I., & Herlina, N. (2022). The influence of project-based outdoor learning activities on children’s independence development. International Journal of Educational Qualitative Quantitative Research, 1(2), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.58418/ijeqqr.v1i2.15
Aisyah, E. N., Utamimah, S., & Baharun, H. (2025). Implementing project-based learning with loose parts in early childhood education: A qualitative descriptive study. Golden Age: Jurnal Ilmiah Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Dini, 10(1), 71–84. https://doi.org/10.14421/jga.2025.101-06
Ardoin, N. M., & Bowers, A. W. (2020). Early childhood environmental education: A systematic review of the research literature. Educational Research Review, 31, Article 100353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2020.100353
Bascopé, M., Perasso, P., & Reiss, K. (2019). Systematic review of education for sustainable development at an early stage: Cornerstones and pedagogical approaches for teacher professional development. Sustainability, 11(3), Article 719. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030719
Budiarti, E., & Darmayanti, R. (2020). Why is loose part an important learning medium for early childhood development? Jurnal Caksana: Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 3(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.31326/jcpaud.v1i1.1923
Cankaya, O., Martin, M., & Haugen, D. (2025). The relationship between children’s indoor loose parts play and cognitive development: A systematic review. Journal of Intelligence, 13(5), Article 52. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence13050052
Dankiw, K. A., Tsiros, M. D., Baldock, K. L., & Kumar, S. (2020). The impacts of unstructured nature play on health in early childhood development: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 15(2), Article e0229006. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229006
Gull, C., Bogunovich, J., Goldstein, S. L., & Rosengarten, T. (2019). Definitions of loose parts in early childhood outdoor classrooms: A scoping review. International Journal of Early Childhood Environmental Education, 6(3), 37–52.
Haenilah, E. Y., Yanzi, H., & Drupadi, R. (2021). The effect of the scientific approach-based learning on problem solving skills in early childhood: Preliminary study. International Journal of Instruction, 14(2), 289–304. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14217a
Kiviranta, L., Lindfors, E., Rönkkö, M.-L., & Luukka, E. (2024). Outdoor learning in early childhood education: Exploring benefits and challenges. Educational Research, 66(1), 102–119. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2023.2285762
Mellish, S., Ryan, J. C., McLeod, E. M., Tuckey, M. R., & Pearson, E. L. (2021). Challenges and successes to the implementation of a zoo conservation-education program. Evaluation and Program Planning, 88, Article 101950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2021.101950
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., McGuinness, L. A., Stewart, L. A., Thomas, J., Tricco, A. C., Welch, V. A., Whiting, P., & Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, Article n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Permatasari, G., Putri, E., Lailatul, A., Andriani, D., & Putri Yuniar, D. (2025). The implementation of nature-based learning to foster creativity and independence in early childhood. Nak-Kanak: Journal of Child Research, 2(2), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.21107/njcr.v2i2.148
Priyanti, N., & Warmansyah, J. (2021). The effect of loose parts media on early childhood naturalist intelligence. JPUD: Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 15(2), 239–257. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPUD.152.03
Purwanti, A., Rakimahwati, R., Mayar, F., & Utoyo, S. (2025). Fostering critical thinking in early childhood: An experimental study on loose parts media in kindergarten. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(2), 2489–2499. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i2.6770
Qomariyah, N., & Qalbi, Z. (2021). Pemahaman guru PAUD tentang pembelajaran berbasis STEAM dengan penggunaan media loose parts di Desa Bukit Harapan. JECED: Journal of Early Childhood Education and Development, 3(1), 47–52. https://doi.org/10.15642/jeced.v3i1.995
Rahardjo, M. M. (2019). How to use loose-parts in STEAM? Early childhood educators focus group discussion in Indonesia. JPUD: Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 13(2), 310–326. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPUD.132.08
Sardi, M., & Mayar, F. (2023). The effect of loose parts on the development of early childhood creativity. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(3), 4120–4128. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i3.4107
Sauli, S. S., Mohammed Isa, F., Mohd Kosnin, A., & Romice, O. (2026). Nature-based learning in Malaysian early childhood education: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Early Childhood, 58(1), 573–591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-026-00499-9
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
