Systematic Literature Review: Peran Artificial Intelligence sebagai Media Pembelajaran terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v11i02.46722Keywords:
kecerdasan buatan; penalaran matematis; pembelajaran matematikaAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis Artificial Intelligence (AI) yang digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran matematika, menganalisis peran AI dalam mendukung kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik, serta mengkaji tren dan implikasi pedagogis penggunaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan protokol PRISMA 2020. Artikel ditelusuri melalui basis data Scopus, ERIC, dan Google Scholar pada rentang tahun 2019–2025. Dari 120 artikel yang teridentifikasi, diperoleh 20 artikel final setelah melalui tahapan eliminasi duplikasi, penyaringan judul dan abstrak, serta uji kelayakan full-text. Penilaian kualitas menggunakan kriteria CASP dengan kesepakatan antarpenilai 87,5%, dan analisis data dilakukan secara tematik. Hasil kajian mengidentifikasi tujuh kategori jenis AI, dengan Generative AI berbasis Large Language Model seperti ChatGPT sebagai yang paling dominan (8 artikel), diikuti Intelligent Tutoring System (5 artikel), chatbot berbasis NLP (4 artikel), dan platform adaptif (4 artikel). AI memberikan kontribusi positif paling konsisten pada dimensi pemecahan masalah (16 artikel), pemahaman konsep (14 artikel), dan keterlibatan kognitif (13 artikel), diikuti berpikir kritis (9 artikel) dan personalisasi motivasi belajar. Efektivitas tertinggi ditemukan ketika AI diintegrasikan dengan model Problem Based Learning di bawah fasilitasi guru. Analisis temporal mengungkap tiga tren: dominasi ITS (2019–2021), transisi menuju Generative AI (2022–2023), dan eksplorasi AI spesifik untuk metode mengajar (2024–2025). AI berpotensi menjadi media pembelajaran efektif dalam mengembangkan penalaran matematis apabila diterapkan melalui desain pedagogis yang tepat dan fasilitasi guru yang kompeten.
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