PENDEKATAN KRITIK ISLAM MOHAMMED ARKOUN

Abstract

This study aims to explore Muhammad Arkoun's thoughts as a reference for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in understanding Islamic criticism and revelation contextually. Utilizing a literature study method with a qualitative-descriptive approach, data were collected through documentation techniques from various primary and secondary sources. The results indicate that Muhammad Arkoun is a revolutionary figure who challenged traditional paradigms in Islamic studies through hermeneutic approaches and literary criticism. His thinking was significantly influenced by Western philosophy (such as the hermeneutics of Paul Ricoeur and Gadamer), Algerian postcolonial perspectives, and the historical sociology of Ibn Khaldun. Arkoun emphasized the importance of reading the Quran by considering historical and social dimensions to avoid rigid and literal interpretations. His primary contribution lies in the effort to deconstruct traditional Islamic reason (turath) to open space for Islamic thought that is more dynamic, inclusive, and relevant to modern challenges. This research concludes that Arkoun’s ideas are highly urgent for religious educators in developing a multidisciplinary PAI curriculum that is adaptive to social changes.