Kekuatan Teknologi Dokumen Perjalanan: Studi Komparatif Fitur Keamanan Paspor Berbahan Polikarbonat

Abstract

Passports are vital documents for cross-country mobility that require a high security system to prevent forgery. This study compares the security features of polycarbonate passports from Indonesia, the Netherlands, and Canada based on the ICAO Doc 9303 standard. The method used is qualitative descriptive-comparative through observation, literature studies, and interviews. The results show that the Netherlands and Canada have consistently implemented advanced security features such as laser engraving, kinegram, and encrypted chips, and are integrated with the ICAO Public Key Directory (PKD). Meanwhile, Indonesia still has different versions of passports and limitations in biometric data integration. This study recommends improving the design of the Indonesian passport by adding additional features and updating technical regulations.