TRANSBORDERS: International Relations Journal

Hubungan Tiongkok dan ASEAN: Upaya Tiongkok menjadi Kekuatan Hegemon di Asia Tenggara

Raihan Alfi, Fakhri Sabiq Muawal, Galih Arjuna Ismail — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

China has turned into one of the most powerful countries in the world or "Great Powers" which has a vision to become a hegemonic country. Southeast Asia as China's backyard was the beginning of China's expansion to the world. China-ASEAN relations are very important because ASEAN is a strategic partner of China in trade cooperation. ASEAN can be a profitable companion for China in spreading its influence to the world. However, it is not that easy for ASEAN to support and assist China in achieving it. China spreads its influence through political, economic, socio-cultural and military aspects. In each of these aspects, China has a clear and measured strategy to implement it in order to achieve hegemony in Southeast Asia. The growth and rising of China into a great power is a testament to the massive effort made by China. This study analyzes the China-ASEAN relations in the efforts made by China with ASEAN. The author uses qualitative research methods with literature study to obtain various sources about China-ASEAN relations. It is undeniable that slowly China has become a new hegemon. This is evidenced by the massive influence of China in all aspects, especially the economy and military, which will slowly change the status quo in the international system.

Tinjauan Filosofis; Konsekuensialisme Hubungan Internasional dalam Fenomena Pembatalan Pembelian Kapal Selam oleh Australia dan Prancis berdasarkan Perjanjian Trirateral AUKUS

Utriya Amanda — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This paper uses the philosophical reflection approach of consequentialism with the support of securitization theory to look at the specific phenomenon of Australia's cancellation of submarine purchases from France under the AUKUS trilateral agreement. The focus of this paper highlights how Australia's decision is viewed from the perspective of consequentialism, which assesses actions based on their consequences. The journal uses a qualitative method with a literature study as the source of literature. The results of writing on this case are considered important because they show how national security and geopolitical considerations influence state decisions in the context of international relations. Australia's considerations and the impacts that must be faced return to the interest of maintaining the stability of the Indo-Pacific region through strategic policies despite having to face the degradation of diplomatic relations with France as a form of consequence and responsibility through the payment of fines.

Keywords: Australia; AUKUS; France; Sumbarine

Abstrak

Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan refleksi filosofis konsekuensialisme dengan dukungan teori sekuritisasi untuk melihat fenomena khusus nya dalam pembatalan pembelian kapal selam oleh Australia dari Prancis berdasarkan perjanjian trilateral AUKUS. Fokus penulisan ini menyoroti bagaimana keputusan Australia dipandang dari sudut pandang konsekuensialisme, yang menilai tindakan berdasarkan konsekuensi atau akibatnya. Penulisan jurnal menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan studi kepustakaan sebagai sumber literatur. Hasil penulisan pada kasus ini dianggap penting karena menunjukkan bagaimana pertimbangan keamanan nasional dan geopolitik mempengaruhi keputusan negara dalam konteks hubungan internasional. Pertimbangan Australia beserta dampak yang harus dihadapi kembali kepada kepentingan untuk menjaga stabilitas kawasan Indo-Pasifik melalui kebijakan strategis walaupun harus menghadapi degradasi hubungan diplomasi bersama Prancis sebagai bentuk konsekuensi dan tanggung jawab melalui pembayaran denda.

Kata kunci: Australia; AUKUS; Kapal Selam; Prancis

Analisis Kepentingan Tiongkok melalui Proyek East Coast Rail Link di Malaysia dalam Tinjauan Konektivitas Geopolitik

haryo prasodjo — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The East Coast Rail Link (ECRL) is a strategic project between China and Malaysia. Become an alternative rail network project, after the completion of the Malaysia-Singapore fast train project. The ECRL project connects the East and West sides of Malaysia, encompassing several economic zones. In contrast to the Malaysian high-speed rail project, even though the ECRL has faced a lot of opposition, and several times the negotiation process, the ECRL project continues. Using a connectivity geopolitical approach, and qualitative analysis, this study aims to analyze China's interest in the ECRL project. The time limit is from 2016 to 2022, with data collection techniques through literature studies. The findings of this study are that there is interest in geopolitics and geoeconomics, especially in building alternative routes to reduce China's dependence on the Malacca Strait.

Upaya Pemerintah Provinsi Riau dalam Menangani Kasus Kebakaran Hutan Riau berdasarkan ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution

Dian Novita Dewi — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

This research discusses the efforts of the Riau Provincial Government in raising awareness among the local community to prevent forest and land fires, which have become a serious issue in the Southeast Asian region. Grounded in the theories of compliance, neoliberal institutionalism, and the concept of international regimes, this study reveals that Indonesia, as the main actor in the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (AATHP), has made efforts to comply with the agreement. Preventive measures against forest and land fires involve the central and local governments, as well as the active participation of local communities. Education and socialization programs about the dangers of forest and land fires, relevant regulations, and their negative impacts are crucial components of the prevention strategy. Furthermore, private companies such as Asian Agri and PT SRL play a significant role in supporting these prevention programs. The research findings indicate that despite numerous efforts, the issues of forest fires and transboundary air pollution remain serious concerns in the Southeast Asian region. AATHP, as a binding legal framework for Indonesia, requires more extensive and sustainable efforts to achieve the desired goals of preventing transboundary air pollution. Community awareness and cooperation between government, private entities, and NGOs will be key to addressing this issue.

DIMENSI NON-MATERIAL DALAM PEMAHAMAN MASYARAKAT ATONI METO TENTANG FOOD SECURITY

Yosef Serano Korbaffo, Mariano Sengkoen — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Sumber daya, upaya, ancaman, dan intervensi untuk menjamin food security telah dihidupi oleh manusia pada waktu dan tempat tertentu sebagai mekanisme survival. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemahaman masyarakat Atoni Meto di Desa Sainoni tentang ancaman terhadap Food Security dan bagaiaman respon preventif terhadap ancaman tersebut melalui ritus-ritus pertanian, serta bagaimana pemahaman yang demikian didiskusikan dengan konsep umum tentang security dalam paradigma konstruktivisme. Penelitian yang dilakukan pada Mei-September 2023 ini menggunakan data kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Masyarakat Suku Atoni Meto di Desa Sainoni meyakini bahwa kondisi food security bertalian erat dengan intervensi kekuatan supranatural yang menguasai bumi (Usi Pah). Melalui ritus-ritus pertanian, masyarakat Suku Atoni Meto di Desa Sainoni menyampaikan persembahan dan permohonan kepada Usi Pah melalui arwah para leluhur agar aktivitas pertanian yang dilakukan mendapat restu dan berhasil.